Mulled drinks, also known as spiced wines, are a traditional warm beverage enjoyed during the colder months in many parts of the world; they are distinct from a hot toddy, which is built from a spirit, hot water, and honey or sugar rather than a mulled wine or cider base. The origins of mulled drinks can be traced back to ancient Rome, where wine was heated and spiced as a way to ward off the chill of winter. Over time, the practice spread throughout Europe, with each region developing its own unique variations.
The basic formula for a mulled drink involves heating a wine or cider base and infusing it with a blend of aromatic spices. Common spices used in mulling include cinnamon, cloves, star anise, cardamom, nutmeg, and citrus zest. The spices are typically added whole, allowing their flavors to slowly infuse the liquid as it simmers. Some recipes also call for the addition of sweeteners like honey, sugar, or fruit juices to balance the acidity of the wine or cider.
Mulled drinks are prized for their ability to create a cozy, comforting atmosphere, particularly during the holiday season. They are often served at Christmas markets, winter festivals, and social gatherings as a way to warm the body and lift the spirits. In addition to their sensory appeal, mulled drinks are also believed to have medicinal properties, with the spices used thought to aid in digestion and circulation.
While the most common mulled beverages are made with red wine or apple cider, there are many variations that incorporate different base liquids. For example, in Scandinavia, a traditional glögg is made by mulling a mixture of red wine, aquavit, and port, while in Germany, the popular Glühwein is prepared with red wine, brandy, and an array of spices. In the United Kingdom, a classic mulled cider or "wassail" is a popular wintertime treat.
Regardless of the specific recipe, the process of making a mulled drink typically involves simmering the liquid with the spices for an extended period, allowing the flavors to meld and develop. The mixture is then strained to remove the whole spices, and the resulting aromatic beverage is served hot, often garnished with a slice of citrus or a cinnamon stick.
Mulled drinks can be enjoyed on their own as a cozy nightcap or as part of a larger meal, pairing well with hearty winter dishes like roasted meats, stews, and rich desserts. They can also be used as a base for cocktails, with the addition of spirits like brandy, rum, or whiskey creating a more potent, yet still comforting, libation.