Nasturtium is a genus of flowering plants that are widely used in culinary applications. Originating from Central and South America, nasturtiums were introduced to Europe in the 16th century and have since become a staple ingredient in many cuisines around the world.
The nasturtium plant is a trailing or climbing vine that produces edible flowers, leaves, and seeds. The flowers come in a range of vibrant colors including yellow, orange, red, and pink. The leaves are round, waxy, and have a peppery, pungent flavor reminiscent of watercress or arugula. The seeds can also be harvested and used as a peppery, mustard-like seasoning.
In the kitchen, nasturtium flowers and leaves are commonly used as an edible garnish or addition to salads, sandwiches, and other dishes. The peppery, slightly sweet flavor of the flowers pairs well with milder greens, vegetables, and proteins. Nasturtium leaves can be used similarly to other peppery greens, added to soups, stews, or used as a wrap for fillings. The seeds are sometimes pickled or used as a substitute for capers.
Nasturtiums hold cultural significance in several cuisines. In Mexican cooking, the flowers are used to decorate and flavor dishes like tacos, enchiladas, and moles. In Ayurvedic medicine, the entire nasturtium plant is used for its purported health benefits, including its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
Beyond their culinary uses, nasturtiums are also valued for their ornamental qualities. The vibrant flowers and trailing vines make them a popular choice for edible landscaping, container gardens, and as a natural ground cover. Some varieties have been bred specifically for their showy blooms rather than their flavor.
When working with nasturtiums, it's important to source them from a reliable, pesticide-free source, as the leaves and flowers can accumulate toxins from the soil. The flowers and leaves are best used fresh, as they can quickly wilt and lose their pungency. The seeds can be harvested and stored for later use.
Overall, nasturtiums are a versatile and flavorful ingredient that add a unique peppery note to a variety of dishes. Their bright, edible flowers and leaves make them a visually appealing and nutritious addition to any cook's repertoire.