Grandma's Secret Pfeffernüsse

Ingredients

• 3 1/2 cups (420g) all-purpose flour, plus more for dusting
• 1 teaspoon baking soda
• 1/2 teaspoon ground cloves
• 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
• 1/2 teaspoon ground nutmeg
• 1/4 teaspoon ground allspice
• 1/4 teaspoon ground cardamom
• 1/4 teaspoon ground black pepper
• 1/2 teaspoon salt
• 1/2 cup (113g or 1 stick) unsalted butter, softened
• 1 cup (200g) granulated sugar
• 1/2 cup (120ml) molasses
• 1 large egg
• 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
• Zest of 1 orange
• 1 cup (120g) powdered sugar, for dusting