'Okonomiyaki' is a savory Japanese pancake or fritter that originated in the Kansai and Hiroshima regions of Japan. The name 'okonomiyaki' comes from the Japanese words 'okonomi', meaning 'what you like' or 'what you want', and 'yaki', meaning 'grilled' or 'cooked'.
Okonomiyaki is made from a wheat-flour-based batter that is combined with various ingredients such as shredded cabbage, protein (such as pork belly, seafood, or meat), and scallions. The batter is then cooked on a flat griddle or pan, often with a special okonomiyaki-specific cooking appliance. The pancake is then topped with a variety of condiments, including okonomiyaki sauce (a savory-sweet brown sauce), Japanese mayonnaise, dried seaweed flakes, and dried bonito flakes.
Okonomiyaki has a long history in Japanese cuisine, with origins dating back to the early 1900s. It was initially developed as a cheap, filling food for the working class, using inexpensive and readily available ingredients. Over time, it evolved into a beloved regional specialty, with distinct variations emerging in different parts of Japan.
The two main regional styles of okonomiyaki are Kansai-style and Hiroshima-style. Kansai-style okonomiyaki, which is the more common and well-known version, features a thicker, fluffier pancake with the ingredients mixed directly into the batter. Hiroshima-style, on the other hand, has a thinner, crepe-like base, with the ingredients layered on top of the pancake as it cooks.
In addition to these regional variations, there are also numerous ingredient and topping variations, allowing for a high degree of customization. Common protein fillings include pork belly, shrimp, squid, and even cheese or kimchi. Vegetarian versions are also popular, featuring ingredients such as mushrooms, bell peppers, and even mochi.
Okonomiyaki is not only a delicious and versatile dish but also holds cultural significance in Japan. It is often served at festivals, street food stalls, and casual eateries, and is considered a comfort food for many Japanese people. The act of cooking okonomiyaki together, known as 'okonomiyaki-making', is also a popular social activity, especially in the Kansai region.
Beyond Japan, okonomiyaki has gained popularity worldwide, with many international restaurants and food trucks offering their own interpretations of this iconic Japanese dish.