Jeweled Rice and Tahdig (Persian Crispy Rice With Caramelized Fruit and Nuts)

Ingredients

• 3 cups long-grain white basmati rice
• ¼ cup kosher salt, plus more to taste
• 1 cup dried barberries
• 3 large oranges, rind removed with a peeler and julienned
• ½ teaspoon saffron threads
• ¼ cup plus 1 tablespoon orange blossom water
• 1 cup canola oil, butter, or ghee
• ½ cup sliced raw almonds
• ¼ cup unsalted shelled pistachios, coarsely chopped
• ¼ cup seedless golden raisins
• 1 cup plus 2 tablespoons sugar
• 1 jumbo carrot, cut into 3-inch segments and julienned
• 1 cinnamon stick
• 1 teaspoon ground cardamom